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Forest gardening is a low-maintenance sustainable plant-based food production and agroforestry system based on woodland ecosystems, incorporating fruit and nut trees, shrubs, herbs, vines and perennial vegetables which have yields directly useful to humans. Making use of companion planting, these can be intermixed to grow in a succession of layers, to build a woodland habitat. Forest gardening is a prehistoric method of securing food in tropical areas. Source
A garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the display, cultivation, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. The garden can incorporate both natural and man-made materials. The most common form today is known as a residential garden, but the term garden has traditionally been a more general one. Zoos, which display wild animals in simulated natural habitats, were formerly called zoological gardens. Western gardens are almost universally based on plants, with garden often signifying a shortened form of botanical garden.Some traditional types of eastern gardens, such as Zen gardens, use plants sparsely or not at all. Xeriscape gardens use local native plants that do not require irrigation or extensive use of other resources while still providing the benefits of a garden environment. Gardens may exhibit structural enhancements, sometimes called follies, including water features such as fountains, ponds , waterfalls or creeks, dry creek beds, statuary, arbors, trellises and more. Source
Garden design
is the art and process of designing and creating plans for layout and planting
of gardens and landscapes. Garden design may be done by the garden owner
themselves, or by professionals of varying levels of experience and expertise.
Most professional garden designers have some training in horticulture and the
principles of design, and some are also landscape architects, a more formal
level of training that usually requires an advanced degree and often a state
license. Elements of garden design include the layout of hard landscape, such
as paths, walls, water features, sitting areas and decking; as well as the
plants themselves, with consideration for their horticultural requirements,
their season-to-season appearance, lifespan, growth habit, size, speed of
growth, and combinations with other plants and landscape features.
Consideration is also given to the maintenance needs of the garden, including
the time or funds available for regular maintenance, which can affect the
choice of plants in terms of speed of growth, spreading or self-seeding of the
plants, whether annual or perennial, and bloom-time, and many other
characteristics. Source
